Quantum Non-separability, Consciousness, Negentropy and a New Concept of Gravity

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Introduction
As recursive information exchange translates across scales of human conscious, ranging from neurological decision making to global information exchange, it's reasonable to assume that they also play a fundamental role in quantum decoherence.This article begins with an analysis of discrete probability graphs, over iterations of information exchange, within the framework of positive reinforcement loops, in the nature world of Classic Space.A flow chart and differential equation is presented to show the polarizing dynamics between agents, which are subsets of the universal set.Counter to the individual agent's bias, the developing polarization and orientation perspectives are shown to be subjectively validated.To be more precise, each iteration is shown to be self-validated.A summary of the emerging features (discreteness, polarization, locality, etc) in this Classic Space study is shown to be equivalent to emerging features in Quantum Mechanics.A Quantum Mechanics analysis of information as energy (the Jarzynski equality, free energy difference), along with a hypothesis of dual conscious polarization, suggests that the wave function [1] evolves deterministically, yet the eigenstate (λ) is subjectively validated in the dual conscious of the observer.An experiment is proposed, for empirical proof of observer self-validation in Quantum Mechanics.A novel paradigm of gravity is proposed as a repulsive force in R 4 spacetime surface, from an interconnected R 5 hyperspace.

Recursive Information Exchanges in Classic Space
Universal set U contains ten agents as noted: U | {a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , a 8 , a 9 , a 10 } ∈ U figure 1 shows the discrete probability graph of set U at initial state f i , along with it's associated information (I (a i )) and Shannon entropy (H (X )): [2] Mod i f i ed ver si on o f ent r op y equat i on : At initial iteration f i , the distribution is uniform with high entropy of H (x) = 3.322.However in the natural world, recursive information exchange tends to result in variance and division.Thus, subsequent iterations tend to transition to a bimodal distribution of two subsets A and B : A and B ⊆ U , and lower associated entropy (see figure 2).

How Distributions Become Separated over Recursive Iterations of Information Exchange
The diagram in figure 3 shows the flow graph of incremental recursive information exchanges, within the framework of positive reinforcement loops.The components (bias, interpret, response and validation) are mutually mirrored between agents A and B , and follow a figure eight pattern.Tipically, the agent's disputes will tend to escalate over time, in this format.A real world example might be the polarization which occurs during dysfunctional political debates.The separation ϵ escalates between the agents in subsets A and B during each iteration, as a result of oppositional dynamics (misinterpretations and responses from opposing biased perspectives).Note that their mutual responses only seem to validate their opponents interpretation.However, the outcome actually depends on their biased interpretation.In other words, their biased observations are self-validated.

How Separation ∆ϵ Increases over Iterations
Subsequent iterations follow the same sequence, and result in an incremental positive feedback loop.The separation escalates over iterations, as ∆ϵ increases exponentially with each iteration ( f n ), per the following differential equation and exponential solution.Note, that interpretations become increasingly distorted over iterations.This is demonstrated in the children's game "Chinese Whispers", [3] where an original message becomes unrecognizable, after multiple repetitions between players of the game,

Critical Stage of Interation f i Power-law Distributions
Per the law of preferential attachment, a power-law distribution (a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a relative change in the other quantity proportional to a power of the change, independent of the initial size of those quantities: one quantity varies as a power of another) will develop.Power-laws occur ubiquitously throughout nature.Some obvious real-world examples are: The largest trees tend to dominate to sun rays, and thus grow at proportionately higher rates.The most massive planets in a stellar system attract more space dust and debris, thus grow at proportionately higher rates.
The discrete probability graph in figure 4 is approaching a power-law distribution, with a much lower entropy of H (x) = 2.818.Of course, distributions of individual sets of agents will vary.

Asymptotic Entropy of Open Systems with Power-law Distributions
At a critical shape point, power-law distributions tend to collapse and reform.Some real world examples include: The collapse of stars (capable of becoming nova) act as a catalyst to the birth of new stars in a nebula system.The sinusoidal economic cycles, between growth and recession.Note, that such systems tend to maintain their ordered state asymptotically in an open system, regardless of the universal direction of entropy.Also, the arrow of time can be gauged by the increasing complexity of such collapses over time.For example: The stages of fusion from hydrogen to helium, to lithium, and so on.

Collapse stage of f i , as Analogous to Von Neumann Entropy
Again, per the law of preferential attachment, a power-law distribution will develop in the form of: if we regard random information exchange to be connections between nodes, k = connec t i ons p = t he pr obabi l i t y o f a an i sol at ed r and om connec t i on

he pr obabi l i t y pr opor t i onat e t o accumul at i ng connec t i ons C = f r ac t i on o f nod es L = t he f r ac t i on o f nod es wi t h connec t i ons t hen,
As the Gini coefficient of a power-law distribution increases to maximum, the entropy approaches zero.This final stage can be regarded as a collapse, which is analogous to the transition from positive to the zero state in Von Neumann entropy.
Figure 5 shows a power-law distribution approaching maximum Gini coefficient.

Polarization Emerges Between Sets of Agents
In figure 3, Polarization tends to emerges in the natural world (classic space) over iterations f n .This orientation is analogous to a dipole magnet.This natural result is commonly observed between polar opposites (political, etc).It's important to note that polarizations tend to escalate over scales (neurological decisions, local, regional, national, international) in the natural world The diagram in figure 6 shows how polarization emerges between sets of agents in the natural world.

How Classic Recursive Information Exchange is Analogous to Quantum Decoherence
The following features, which emerge in this classic example, also emerge in quantum decoherence: • discreteness • separation (locality) • polarization

• orientation
• cascade to local environment: Example: How local agents tend to become polarized, in correspondence to ideological or political conflicts • escalation over scales: Example: conflicts tend to escalate for local to regional to National etc.
• negentropy as potential energy: The probability of negentropy P (J ) of a set is proportionate to it's polaraization | → 〉, over recursive information exchanges, Where k is a constant or proportionality

Information as Energy
An experiment in 2010, by a team of Tokyo scientists, [4] demonstrated that a non-equilibrium feedback manipulation of a Brownian particle on the basis of information about its location achieves a Szilárd-type [5] information-to-energy conversion, using real-time feedback control.In thermodynamics, the Jarzynski equality [6] (free energy difference) ∆F = F B − F A ∆F = F B − F A between two states A and B is connected to the work W done on the system through the inequality: ∆F ≤ W ∆F ≤ W .In microscopic systems, thermodynamic quantities such as work, heat and internal energy do not remain constant but fluctuate.Nonetheless, the second law [7] still holds, on average, if the initial state is in thermal equilibrium: 〈∆F − W ≤ 0〉, where ∆F is the free-energy difference between states, W the work done on the system and 〈 * 〉 the ensemble average.However, the feedback control enables selective manipulation of specific fluctuations that cause ∆F − W > 0, by using the information about the system.The feedback control can increase the likelihood of occurrence of such an event.This is the crux of the control in the thought experiment: "Maxwell's Demon".[8] Thus, it is concluded that the particle is driven by the 'information' gained by the measurement of the particle location.

The Measurement Problem
In quantum mechanics, a matter wave collapses as it interacts with a macroscopic photographic plate, seemingly at the point where an intelligent agent observes the plate.[9] This seems to defy a logical explanation, as the matter wave is in a superposition of several eigenstates and evolves deterministically, yet the resulting single eigenstate is determined by the state at the point of interaction (measurement).For any observable, the wave function is initially some linear combination of the eigenbasis {|φ i 〉}{|φ i 〉} of that observable.When an external agency (an observer, experimenter) measures the observable associated with the eigenbasis {|φ i 〉}{|φ i 〉}, the wave function collapses from the full |ψ〉|ψ〉 to just one of the basis eigenstates, |φ i 〉|φ i 〉 , that is: The Key to the Measurement Problem: Two Minds of Observation in the Single Observer.Neuroscience has theorized the duel (two minds) model of the human brain from research on post-surgery consciousness of split-brain patients.[10] Following surgery, these two minds are typically opposing, such that both minds simultaneously perform opposing functions (see figure 7).
This article proposes the following unique hypothesis: that during quantum decoherence (measuring of a particle) a recursive oppositional dynamic occurs within the dual mind of the single observer, similar to the described flow chart, in figure 3 7 Nonseparability and the Emergence of Spacetime Hypothesis 1 A dual consciousness exists within the mind of the single observer of a particle, which are opositional and seldom in equilibrium.During the process of observation, a positive feedback loop occurs between these dual and opposing conscious operations.This dynamic process follows a recurring flow of sequence (biased observation, interpretation, response and selfvalidation), resulting in the polarization of the observer's dual consciousness.Subsequently the particle, which exists in superposition becomes polarized / entangled in correspondence with the observer's polarizes state, along with the local environment.This emergence of a single polarized state (of spacetime), from an interconnected superposition state is the essential process which results in quantum decoherence.

Such t hat t he obser ver ′ s pol ar i zed d ual consci ous i s ent ang l e wi t h |a
This entanglement, between both the observer and particle, provides the missing deterministic feature, which Einstein objected to, as being "incomplete" in his equation, where he concludes that the entanglement of two particles, which are widely summed, can not be divided into two separated wave functions.Can be expressed as, • Hypothesis 1 can be experimentally verified, by demonstrating a correspondence between the observer's dual consciousness, the observer and the local environment, at any single moment.(See section 8).

Proposed Experiment to Prove that Decoherence is Influenced by the Polarized State of the Observer
An entanglement between the polarized observer's dual consciousness and the particular spin of an electron, implies a correspondence with the observer, particle and local environment, at any single moment.Thus, a statistical correlation can be demonstrated between two independent detector systems, as viewed by a single observer.The following experimental is proposed, as empirical evidence of observer influenced particle collapse, to a measurable state (figure 9), • Two parallel Stern Gerlach [11] electron deflector systems (a and b) emit respective single unpaired electrons (e a and e b ), at regular intervals through an inhomogeneous magnetic field, toward their respective detector screens (d a and d b ).
• The two separated and parallel electrons (e a and e b ) are emitted in sync, such that they strike their respective screens (virtually) simultaneous.
• A single observer is oriented to both detector screens (d a and d b ), with the following constraints, • Detector d a is viewed exclusively, by the observer's left field of vision, and detector d b is viewed exclusively, by the observer's right field of vision.
• The null hypothesis would expect a weak correlation of ± ≤ R 0.3, between the two systems spins.A reasonable sample size might be 500 unpaired electrons.
• A correlation value of ≥ ±R 0.5 would demonstrate a significant observer influenced particle bias.If proven, deterministic particle evolution would be of great benefit to science, and the field of Quantum Mechanics, in particular.

Gravity
Hypothesis 2 As hypothesis 1 implies, all of matter remains connected in a higher dimensional space.Thus, the fundamental interaction of gravity does not result in an attraction, rather the fundamental connection of all matter is separated and polarized to an R 4 spacetime measurable state, as a result of a sequence of information exchange and negentropy.
As hypothesis 2 describes gravity as an emergent R 4 separation within a field of information, it can crudely be conceived of as a repulsive force from R 5 connected matter, or the inverse of Newton's formula, This eliminates the need for factoring Dark energy, [12] as a repulsive force in empty space, to satisfy the Cosmological Constant Λ [13] (Of course, the mathematics of Newton [14] and Einstein, [15] elegantly describe the relationships of matter and space, and equally appy to this model).

Conclusion
Recursive information exchange and the resulting low-entropy power-law distributions, are ubiquitous in Classic Space.It's fair to say the we are swimming in the dynamics which maintain order and negentropy.As RIE translate across scales of human conscious, ranging from neurological decision making to global information exchange, it's reasonable to assume that they

Figure 2 :
Figure 2: Discrete probability graph transitioning to a bimodal distribution

Figure 3 :
Figure 3: Division develops within positive feedback reinforcement loops, of recursive information exchange

Figure 4 :
Figure 4: Discrete probability graph transitioning to a power-law distribution

Figure 5 :
Figure 5: As the Gini coefficient of a power-law distribution increases to maximum, the entropy approaches zero.

Figure 6 :
Figure 6: Polarization tends to emerges in the natural world (classic space) over iterations f n

Figure 7 :
Figure 7: Split Brain Patients Lateralization two separate streams of consciousness

Figure 9 :
Figure 9: Modified Stern Gerlach experiment to demonstrate a correlation between quantized electron states, and the polarized dual consciousness of the observer.